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TOURIST ATTRACTIONS KOLKATA (previously called CALCUTTA) is regarded as the Cultural Capital of India. It is located at the eastern part of India and almost adjacent to Bangldesh Border. In 1690, Job Charnok, an agent of British East India Company chose this place on the east bank of the river Ganges for initiating a trade settlement. There were three large villages, namely Sutanuti, Gobindapur and Kalikata and those were bought by the British from the local landlords. The Mughal emperor granted East India Company freedom of trade in return of a yearly payment of 3,000 rupees. Before the British came, the capital city of undivided Bengal was Murshidabad, around 60 miles north of Calcutta. In 1756, Siraj-ud-daullah, nawab of Bengal attacked the city and captured the fort. Calcutta was recaptured in 1756 by Robert Clive when the British defeated Siraj-ud-daullah in the Battlefield of Plassey. In 1772, Calcutta became the capital of British India, and the first Governor general, Warren Hastings, moved all important offices from Murshidabad to Calcutta. In 1912 the British moved the capital city to Delhi. In 1947 when India gained freedom and the country got partitioned, into India and Pakistan, Calcutta was included in the Indian part of Bengal, West Bengal. Calcutta was renamed Kolkata on January 1, 2001    |
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